REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS - BIOLOGY: Dhruv Dubey

 

BIOLOGY

TITLE- REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

Meta description: The plants are the primary source of life. The plants are propagated through various methods, and new growth in plants is rejuvenated. There are two types of reproduction-

1. Sexual Reproduction
2. Asexual Reproduction

 

INTRODUCTION

 

Plants are living organisms. Production of new individuals from the parents is known as reproduction. It is possible due to some of the parts present on the plants like stems, roots and leaves; these are known as Vegetative parts. Plants grow and produce flowers which are essential for reproduction. Asexual reproduction can give rise to new plants without seeds, whereas sexual reproduction gives rise to seeds. 

 

BODY

 

 The vegetative parts produce new individual plants. Flowers are known as the reproductive part of the plant. The cutting of branches. Roots can make new plants. Example- Potato, ginger. This method of growing takes less time to grow and produce flowers. Some methods are- 

1. Budding
2. Fragmentation
3. Spore formation

Budding: The best example of this process is Yeast. Yeast is a single-celled organism; It can multiply quickly if sufficient nutrients are provided to the water body. When nutrient media is provided, the Yeast will produce bulb-like structures that form Bud. Then the budgets are detached from the parent cell and grow into a new yeast cell.

Fragmentation: This method applies to the water body. The ocean water has nutrients that will grow algae and multiply rapidly by fragmentation. Algae break into two fragments and expand into new individuals.

Spore Formation: Spores are asexual reproductive organs. Spores are grown on bread. A hard protective coat covers the spores. The spores have germinated and multiplied into contemporary individuals.

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION-

Sexual reproduction is possible by the seeds. The plants have similar characteristics of both the parents lower plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. The reproductive parts are Stamen and Pistil.

STAMEN- MALE REPRODUCTIVE PART. 

PISTIL- FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE PART.

There are two types of flowers – 1) Unisexual 2) Bisexual

Unisexual flowers have male reproductive parts (stamen) or female (pistil). Example-Corn, papaya.

Bisexual flowers have both stamen and pistil. Examples- Mustard, rose.

The unisexual and bisexual flowers are present on a single plant or different plants. Stamen contains a lobed structure called anther, which includes male gametes, and the long tube is known as filament. The pistil has stigma, style and ovary. The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called Pollination. 

 

There are two types of Pollination- 

1. Self- Pollination
2. Cross-Pollination

Self Pollination is when the pollen of a flower land on the same flower or another flower of the same plant is called Self-Pollination.

Cross-pollination is when pollen lands on the stigma of the flower of a different plant is called Cross-Pollination.

 

CONCLUSION

Finally, after the fusion of gametes, it is called a Zygote. The process of male and female gametes fusion is called fertilization. Then the resulting form is known as Embryo.

 

FAQs

1. What are the two main ways by which plans produce?

            The plants produce in two ways- 

• Sexual reproduction
• Asexual reproduction.

 

2.How do plants produce with seeds?

They produce with the help of spores and by the formation of buds.

 

REFERENCE

NCERT BOOK.